Below is a high-level overview of what to expect in a desert environment, and some techniques radio operators may find useful when deploying their equipment in this type of climate.
Desert environments give off poor reflected signals due to the weak electrical grounding features of this type of area. For example, radios with whip antennas can lose up to a 1/3rd of their range due to these less than optimal grounding characteristics. One of the ways to improve the efficiency of your operations, is to position antennas on the highest ground available.
Using a counterpoise for antennas to create an artificial ground will also help your system achieve optimal range. If you plan to make a counterpoise for your radio, you can use a multimeter to test for continuity, which is a technique to verify the current flow in an electrical circuit between two paths. Continuity testing is helpful for identifying breaks, or issues in the flow of current in an electrical circuit. Testing for continuity using a multimeter, will enable you to determine if there is an electrical connection between a portion of the antenna and other parts of the radio, and identify an area where a counterpoise may be attached. To determine the proper counterpoise length, online calculators are available.
In addition to poor grounding, wind-blown dust particles and low humidity can create static discharges. Static electricity is common in the desert, which is why you will need to ensure your equipment is properly grounded. To mitigate these effects on radio operations, antennas should be fitted with lightning protection, and when grounded properly will dissipate static voltages in this type of dry condition.
During windy conditions, radio equipment should be fastened, and regularly maintained to mitigate damage from wind, sand, or other debris. Sand and dust particles can cause long-term damage to electrical wire, as well as get into areas like plugs which could prevent electrical contact. Whenever possible, radios should be covered to protect against debris, and kept cool to prevent from overheating.
Desert environments with relatively high dew and humidity levels can create condensation, which affect electrical plugs and connectors. A way to mitigate condensation from getting into these areas is by taping them. Before using your equipment, inspect your plugs and connectors for moisture, and dry them out before use to prevent electrical arcing.
Desert environments make it difficult to keep radio equipment properly maintained due to the large amounts of sand, dust, and dirt that can get into equipment. If possible, it is helpful to keep radios in dust proof containers.